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Understanding the Words (단어들에 대한 이해)
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장바울
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2010-08-07 02:07:11, 조회 : 2,017 |
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◉ Understanding the Words (T. N. Sterrette p. 55)
(단어들의 의미)
A word is a unit of language which has meaning; but because most words have more than one meaning, a word by itself rarely is clear. (단어는 의미를 갖는 언어의 한 단위이다. 그러나 대부분의 단어들이 한 가지 뜻 이상을 가지고 있기 때문에, 한 단어 그 자체에 의해서 그 뜻이 분명치 못한 경우가 있다)
(1) If I say trunk, you do not know whether I mean a box to put clothes in, the trunk of th tree, the long nose of an elephant or the luggage space in a car.
(2) When you hear light by itself, you do not know whether it means the opposite of darkness, place in color or minimal in weight.
(3) In Revelation 5:5 the word lion refer to Christ, but in I Peter 5:8 the devil is likened to this animal. In both cases other words make the reference clear. We will also see the importance of context as we think of other facts about words.
1. Words change their meaning over a period of time. (p. 56)
(어휘들은 시간의 흐름에 따라 그 뜻이 변한다)
(1) If we are to interpret according to the correct meaning of the words, we must be sure (as far as) that what a word means to us now is what is meant when the translation we are using was made. (말의 정확한 뜻을 따라 해석하려면, 현재 우리에게 무엇을 의미하는 말인지를 확인해야 한다)
(2) When Authorized Version of the Bible (Thess. 4:15) was translated, the word prevent (mh fqavswmen) meant \"go before,\" which is closed to the meaning of the original language, but now, over 360 years later, its common meaning is \"hinder\" or \"stop.\"
(3) The AV in Thessalonians 4:15 says, \"We which are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which are asleep.\" (주 강림하실 때까지 우리 살아 남아 있는 자도 자는 자보다 결단코 앞서지 못하리라)
(4) True, we will not hinder them, but that is not Paul's point. In 1611 when people read \"shall not prevent them,\" they understood it to mean \"will not precede them\" (as in the ASV and RSV).
Verse 16 confirms this meaning: \"The dead in Christ shall rise first.\" (그리스도 안에서 죽은 자들이 먼저 일어나고).
2. Different words may have the same or similar meaning. (p. 56)
(단어는 다르지만 같거나 비슷한 의미를 가질 수 있다)
(1) Some scholars say that the meaning of two words is never exactly the same, but sometimes it is so nearly alike that the difference does not matter. (어떤 학자들은 두 개의 단어의 뜻이 결코 정확하게 같을 수 없다고 하나, 때때로 그 차이가 거의 문제가 되지 않는 경우가 있다).
Ex. How are you? \"I'm feeling fine.\" \"I'm feeling good.\"
Ex. walking slowly or leisurely, and fast or quickly
(2) Many times, then, a different word does not necessarily indicate much difference in meaning. We often use synonyms simply for variety, and the Bible does this, too.
(3) We should think that every time the Bible uses different words the meaning must be different.
Ex. Matt. 20:21 and Mark 10:37 ... kingdom and glory
Ex. Matt. 18:19 and Mark 9:47 ... life and kingdom of God
Ex. Gal. 6:2, 5 ... burden (AV), but load (RSV)
Ex. 1 Thim. 2:1 ... various expressions for prayer (different kinds of prayer? simply strengthening by repetition?).
3. The Bible deals with many things that do not come into the ordinary thought of the world.. (성경은 보통 통속적인 생각과는 다른 것들을 많이 취급하고 있다) (p. 57)
(1) The meanings of words as people in the coffee shop use them may not be the same as when those words are use in the Bible. (커피숍에서 사람들이 사용하는 말은 그 말들이 성경에서 사용될 경우에 같지 않을 수 있다)
For instance, if you hear one man call another a just man, you know he probably means that the other man is fair in his dealings, that he does not cheat. This is something of what the Bible means when it says that God is just.
(2) But when the Bible speaks of a believer in Christ as just (Rom. 1:17 AV; RSV, righteous) before God, the meaning is distinct. God has declared the believer righteous in his sight.
(3) The believer has a right standing based upon the death of Christ as the atonement for his sins. The popular meaning of the word just does not apply.
4. The same word may have different meanings. (p. 58)
(같은 단어라도 다른 의미를 가질 수도 있다)
(1) Occasionally different meanings may come even in the same passage. Frequently the difference is between what are called the literal and figurative uses. (경우에 따라 다른 의미들이 같은 구절에서도 나타날 수 있다. 종종 그 차이는 문자적인 것과 상징적인 사용법에서 비롯된 것이다)
Ezekiel 44:5-6 (AV) illustrates this well. In verse 5 the house is the literal temple, as the RSV translates it.
But in the verse 6 the nation is called the house.
(2) There is both a literal and a figurative sense in two successive verse. A similar example is the word light in Isaiah 49:6.
(3) In the case of some words, especially what we may call \"righteous\" words, the New Testament gives a fuller, more definite meaning than Old.
Ex. \"Righteousness\" (칭의)
(1) It means his own righteousness as his upright moral character (Ps. 18:20), but the righteousness of the full New Testament teaching is really the righteousness of Christ that God reckons to a believer's account when he trusts Christ as his Savior (Rom. 5:17; Phil, 3:9). (칭의는 자신의 바른 도덕적 성격으로서의 의를 의미하나(Ps.18:20), 신약성경의 전체적인 교훈의 의는 실제로 하나님께서 신자들이 그리스도를 구세주로 믿을 때 신자들이 고백에 대하여 말씀하신 그리스도의 의를 의미한다)
(2) It is true that the Old Testament also suggests this meaning, though not as clearly as the New (Gen. 15:6).
(구약성경 또한 신약성경에서와 같이 분명치는 않지만, 이러한 의미를 암시하고 있는 것이 사실이다)
Ex. \"Hope\" (소망)
The Old Testament believer's hope was general―the expectation that the future life would be blessed by the mercy of God, but now the Christian hope is for the second coming of Christ and the perfecting of our salvation to be like him (1 John 3:2-3).
5. How to Study the Words. (단어를 연구하는 방법) (Sterret, p. 58)
1. Look up the word in a dictionary. (사전에서 찾아 볼 것)
(1) A dictionary is most helpful in explaining words that have only one meaning--words like unicorn (들소, Num. 23:22; Ps. 92:10 AV). rue (운향, Luke 11:42), quaternion (넷씩, Acts 12:4 AV) and provender (여물, 짚, Gen. 24:25); and even words like bowels and reins (신장/애정), used in the AV (and Shakespeare) in a special figurative way for affections (Ps. 7:9; Phil 1:8; 2:1; Rev. 2:23).
(2) Often the RSV or another modern version will clear up the meaning of such words. (가끔 RSV나 또 다른 현대번역판에는 이러한 말들의 의미가 분명하다)
(3) For general words, not special one like the above, a dictionary gives two or more--sometimes quite a few more--meanings. (특별한 단어가 아니고 일반적인 단어들에 대하여 사전은 둘이나 둘 이상 --- 때때로 몇 개의 의미를 부여하고 있다)
(4) That is because these words are used in different ways. A dictionary rarely tells which meaning is used in the Bible. (그것은 이 말들이 다른 방식으로 사용되었기 때문이다. 어떤 사전은 성경에 있는 말의 의미를 거의 사용하지 않는 것도 있다)
(5) Examining several definitions helps us know the possible meanings of a word. It gives us an idea of what to look for, but it does not decide for us; we have to look elsewhere to settle on the correct meaning. So for general words the dictionary is only partly helpful. (여러 정의들을 살펴보는 것은 우리로 하여금 어떤 단어의 가능한 의미들을 아는데 도움이 된다. 그것은 우리가 찾고자하는 아이디어를 제공하기도 하지만, 결정적인 것은 못 되며, 우리가 어디서든지 정확한 의미를 찾아 정의해야 한다. 일반적인 말들에 대하여 사전은 부분적으로 도움을 줄뿐이다).
2. Study the word in its context. (문맥에 따라 연구할 것)
(1) The Bible is full of words whose meaning is made clear by the context (성경은 문맥에 의해서 의미가 분명해지는 말들로 가득 차 있다)
(2) If you notice a word whose meaning is not clear, stop to consider the passage in which the word is found. (만일 의미가 분명치 않은 말을 만나면, 그 말이 발견된 구절을 숙고하라)
(3) Reread it if necessary. In most cases you will find some key to the meaning. (필요하다면 다시 읽어라. 대부분의 경우에 그 뜻에 대한 어떤 키를 발견하게 될 것이다)
(4) 2 Samuel 2:14 says, \"And Abner said to Joab, 'Let the young men arise and play before us!'\"
(5) It sounds like he is initiating a game, but the context shows that two rival kings and the leaders of their respective armies are involved. (그것은 그가 게임을 시작하고 있는 것 같이 들리나, 그 문맥을 보면, 두 라이벌 왕과 그들의 부하들이 관련되어 있는 것을 알 수 있다)
(6) Verse 16 shows that the young men actually kill one another. Play, in this context, has a grim and ironic meaning. (16절에 보면, 그 젊은 사람들이 실상 서로 죽이는 것을 보여준다. 이 문맥에서 “작난”이라는 말은 잔인하고 비꼰다는 의미를 가지고 있다)
3. Use a concordance. (성구사전을 이용할 것)
(1) Some words occur many times in the Bible, while others have only a few references. (어떤 단어들은 성경에 여러 번 나타나지만, 반면에 어떤 것들은 단 몇 번만 언급되기도 한다)
(2) The idal word study is to look at all its occurrences in the Bible. (이상적인 단어 연구는 성경에 나타나는 모든 단어들을 찾아보는 것이다)
(3) But smaller concordances do not list every reference, and complete ones may have too many verses for you to study.
(그러나 작은 성구사전은 모든 것이 기록하지 않았고, 완벽한 성구사전은 연구하기에 너무 많은 구절들을 기록하고 있다)
(4) Most reference Bibles have marginal references that list some other verses in which a significant word occurs. These can provide real help. (대부분의 관주성경은 중요한 단어가 나오는 어떤 다른 구절들을 기록한 방주들을 가지고 있다)
(5) And the more you study your Bible, the more you will develop your own references as you remember other passages where a particular word is found. (성경을 연구하면 할수록, 특별한 단어가 발견되는 다른 구절들을 기억함에 따라, 더욱 더 자신의 관주들을 개발하게 될 것이다)
(6) Consider Titus 3:5, where we read that \"he saved us.\"
(“그가 우리를 구원하셨다”의 디도서 3:5을 숙고하라)
The whole verse and the ones surrounding it convince us that this means spiritual salvation from sin. (그 구절 전체와 그 전후 문맥을 보면, 이 구원이 죄로부터의 영적 구원의 의미임이 확실하다)
But when Luke writes, : all hope of our being saved wad at last abandoned\" (Acts 27:20), he was not referring to spiritual salvation but to salvation from being shipwrecked. (그러나 누가가 행 27:20에서 “우리 구원의 여망이 다 없어졌다”고 기록했을 때, 그는 영적 구원이 아니라 파선에서의 구원에 대해서 언급하고 있는 것이다)
(7) What about Matthew 24:13, for instance? You can see that words are important and must be studied carefully. For further study you could look at the following: (예를 들어 마 24:13에 관하여 어떻게 생각하는가? 단어들이 중요하다는 것과, 주의 깊게 연구해야 된다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 좀더 연구하려면, 다음과 같은 단어들을 찾아볼 수 있다:)
evil ... Jeremiah 18:11 (two occurrences; one meaning?)
continually ... Leviticus 24:2 and 1 Chronicles 16:6.
dogs ... 2 Kings 9:10 and Psalm 22:16.
body ... Ephesians 3:6 (look at all the occurrences in Ephesians).
fruits .. John 15:2, 4-5, 8, 16 (see also Gal. 5:22-23; Rom. 1:13 AV).
brethren ... Matthew 25:40.
nations ... Matthew 25:32.
crowns ... Psalm 103:4.
promise ... Ephesians 3:6 (again see the whole epistle).
saved through ... 1 Timothy 2:15.
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선교운동소개
신학 