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The Modern World (1800 AD-Onwards) (Catholicism: 2nd Vatican Council)
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장부영
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2009-01-04 16:51:48, 조회 : 3,117 |
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(3) Second Vatican Council (1962-1965 AD)
1) The Second Vatican Council met from 1962 to 1965, at which over 2,600 bishops attended, as did most major Roman Catholic theologians, including Rahner, Kung and Ratzinger, but not von Balthasar.
2) Unlike the early council, they are pastoral rather than dogmatic; the tone is conciliatory rather than confrontational - regarding other Christians, other religions and the modern world.
3) The two most important documents are the dogmatic constitutions on The Church and Divine Revelation.
① The Church seeks to redress the imbalance of the First Vatican Council, which laid all its stress on the absolute sovereignty of the pope(If Vatican I stressed the pope's role as the successor of Peter, Vatican II portrays the order of bishops as the successor to the college of the apostles in teaching authority and Pastoral rule.
② Divine Revelation saw an even more pronounced struggle between the conservatives and the progressives, as it went through no less than five drafts. The First draft was ultra-conservative and was decisively rejected by some sixty per cent of the council fathers.
4) The council adopted a new, positive attitude to other religions. Buddhism, Judaism and Islam were all signed out as faiths that teach a great deal that is true and good.
5) It was an event of fundamental importance to the ecumenical movement, which seeks to build links between the different churches.
6) The popes who have followed the council, especially John Paul II, have tended to try to push the church in a more conservative direction again. The full implications of Vatican II remain to be worked out and implemented.
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